Which foreign policy approach was characterized by using military strength to influence other nations?

The correct response, gunboat diplomacy, refers to the diplomatic approach that relies on the threat or use of military force to influence the actions and decisions of other countries. This strategy was prominent during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in the context of U.S. imperialism. It aimed to achieve diplomatic goals through intimidation, using naval power as a show of strength to compel nations to comply with American interests.

Examples include the deployment of the American Navy in various international disputes, such as in Latin America and East Asia, where the U.S. sought to exert control or influence over weaker nations. This practice demonstrates how military might was utilized not just in warfare but also in the realm of foreign policy to further national objectives.

In contrast, the other options represent approaches that do not directly involve the use of military strength. Isolationism advocates for non-involvement in international conflicts and alliances, which is fundamentally opposed to the idea of using military leverage. Diplomatic engagement emphasizes negotiations and peaceful relations rather than threats. Neutrality, similarly, focuses on avoiding involvement in conflicts altogether. Each of these approaches stands apart from the aggressive stance implied by gunboat diplomacy.