Which incident led to the U.S. war with Spain in 1898?

The explosion of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898, played a pivotal role in galvanizing public opinion and rallying support for the war against Spain. This incident sparked widespread outrage in the United States, fueled by sensationalist journalism that blamed Spanish forces for the explosion, despite a lack of conclusive evidence. The cry for action grew stronger as media outlets engaged in what was known as "yellow journalism," portraying Spain as a tyrannical oppressor and fostering a sense of nationalism among Americans.

The Maine incident created a critical tipping point, leading to the U.S. government’s decision to intervene in the Cuban struggle for independence from Spanish rule. The combination of public emotion, political pressure, and the desire for expansion and influence in the Caribbean ultimately culminated in the declaration of war against Spain in April 1898. This conflict marked a significant moment in American imperialism, as it led to the U.S. acquiring territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

Other incidents mentioned, such as the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, are key historical events but pertain to World War I, while the annexation of Hawaii and the sinking of American merchant ships did not directly trigger the war with Spain